Overloading Stream Insertion Operator << - Exercise

Objective: Overload the operator << so it outputs a playing card in a nicely formatted style.

Instructions

Here is another example of overloading <<. In this example, we define a playing card ADT.
Using the deck::pr_deck() function, and the overloaded pips and card output operators given below, overload the output operator for the deck class.

//card output.
#include  <iostream.h>

char  pips_symbol[14] = { '?', 'A', '2', '3', '4', 
  '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'T', 'J', 'Q', 'K' };
char  suit_symbol[4] = { 'c', 'd', 'h', 's' };

enum suit { clubs, diamonds, hearts, spades };

class pips {
public:
   void  assign(int n) { p = n % 13 + 1; }
   friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, pips x);
private:
   int  p;
};

class card {
public:
  suit  s;
  pips  p;
  void  assign(int n) 
    { cd = n; s = suit(n / 13); p.assign(n); }
  friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, card cd);
private:
  int  cd;       //a cd is from 0 to 51
};

class deck {
public:
   void  init_deck();
   void  shuffle();
   void  deal(int, int, card*);
   void  pr_deck();
private:
   card d[52];
};

Now let us overload these operators for the types card and pips:

ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, pips x){
   return (out << pips_symbol[x.p]);
}

ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, card cd)
{
   return (out << cd.p << suit_symbol[cd.s] << "  ");
}

void deck::pr_deck()
{
   for (int i = 0; i < 52; ++i) {
      if (i % 13 == 0)      //13 cards to a line
         cout << endl;
      cout << d[i]; 
   }
}

The functions that operate on pips, cards, and deck need to be friends of the corresponding class because they access private members. The above code is available in a file named cards.cpp, which can be found in the compressed course download file available on the Resources page.
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